Tunnels and Viaducts on the A11 Motorway in Italy, by Kilometre Point

• 3entries listed
• 0.45 kmlongest bore
• 1.08 kmtotal length

The record table

How this archive measures: lengths, bores, dates and ordering

How this table is compiled

Serravalle at 0.45 km and Ponte di Serravalle at 0.18 km follow it, and lengths are given per carriageway because the two bores of a dual route are rarely cut to the same length. Reconstruction after a fire or a collapse is noted, since it usually changes both the profile and the ventilation.

3 of them are under 500 metres, which on a route of this kind usually means a cut-and-cover section or a short spur and not a driven bore. The route crosses 5 provinces, recorded in the note column by their vehicle-registration codes (FI, LU, PI, PO, PT), which is how the operator identifies a section.

The route table lists 3 structures with a recorded length, giving both carriageways where the two bores differ. The table on this page runs to 8 rows and records Tunnel / Viaduct, Direction Pisa, Direction Firenze and Notes for each of them, which is the shape the original compiler chose rather than one imposed here.

The entries sum to roughly 1.08 km of bore, an average of about 0.36 km each, though that average describes no actual row. A new scheme in Italy would have to beat 0.45 km to change the head of this table, and that is the figure worth rechecking when one opens.

3 entries fall below a kilometre, short enough that portals and approaches usually decided their cost more than the bore itself. A tunnel list for Italy reads differently from a neighbouring country's, because the same journey time can be bought with one long bore in one country and a dozen short ones in another.

Reading the figures

5 of the 8 rows carry an entry in the notes column — 62 per cent of the table — and that column is where the qualifications live: tube counts, closures, boundaries and the reason a figure reads the way it does. Italian motorway inventories list tunnels and viaducts together in running order along the A11.

The longest entry is Serchio, at 0.45 km. The 8 entries are grouped on the page under 5 headings — exit pistoia (3), prov. lu - pi (2), exit sesto fiorentino (1), exit altopascio (1) and connection s.s.1 "aurelia" (1) — a classification the table carries as section breaks rather than as a column of its own.

The shortest recorded entry is 0.18 km against 0.45 km at the top, a spread of 2.51x across the same table. On 2 of the structures here the two carriageways are not the same length, which is why the archive records each direction separately rather than one figure per crossing.

The direction pisa column names 7 distinct entries on this page, Agip and 450 m among them, each traceable to the operator or administration record it was taken from. Bridge and tunnel appear on the same route more often than either appears alone, because the terrain that requires one usually requires the other.

The next two longest are Serravalle at 0.45 km and Ponte di Serravalle at 0.18 km. The note column records 10 exits, 4 motorway connections and 2 toll barriers along the route, in running order rather than by size. Tunnel building in Italy is shaped by geology and settlement pattern as much as by transport policy.